零基础语法：如何表达本来该做某事？

　　should have done

“should have + 动词的完成式”表现本应该做而实际上没有做，它的否定形式表示某种举动本不该产生但却发生了。有叱责的意思。

You should have started earlier, but you didn't.

你本应该早点儿出发，然而你不。

You should have washed the wound.

你应该已经洗好了伤口。

She shouldn't have taken away my dictionary, for I wanted to use it.

她本不应该拿走我的词典，由于我要用它。

You shouldn't have been so rude to him

你本不应该对他那么粗鲁。

注：“should have + 实现式”诚然可能表料想，但因为会造成歧义，应少用。

ought to have done

1、“ought to have + 动词的完成式”表示从前应做某事而实际未做，它的否认情势表示本不应该做某事却做了（用法跟should相同）。

You ought to have helped him, but you didn't.

你本应该帮助他但你不。

You ought to have studied harder.

你本应当更努力学习的。

He ought not to have stopped his work halfway.

他本不应该做这项工作时半途而废。

He oughtn't to have done that.

他本来就不该做那件事。

2、“ought to have + 动词的实现式”还能够用来表猜测。

They ought to have arrived by now.

当初他们想必已经达到。

If he had started at nine o'clock, he ought to have been in London by eleven o'clock.

如果他在九点动身，那他十一点钟该到达伦敦了。

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