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线话语法讲堂:连词 被动语态 宾语从句(初中)

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:23:44

  一、连词

  1.考核要点:对连词的考查主要是对并列连词和从属连词基本用法的考察。 内容来自

  2.考纲恳求:把握并列连词(如:and、but、or)和附属连词(如:when、if、that等)的基本用法。

 

 

  3.复习提示:

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  首先是对自己掌握不好的连词适当练习,尤其需要注意的是,必定要认真审题,剖析四个选项,判断选项后再将其代入题干中看句意是否正确。并且除了决定题,在其余题型中例如:完形、实现句子、书面表白等也会波及连词的用法。

内容来自

 

  其次,留神一些成对使用的连词。如:neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, so…that, not…until等。但是在not…until中,需要注意:假如用在until前的动词是可连续性动词,则不加not。另外,须要注意,一些在汉语中成对应用的连词如:因为…所以,诚然…然而,在英语中是不能够成对浮现的,即ecause跟so不连用,although和but不连用。 CopyRight .com

  4.易错分析:

  ①对not…until

  He stayed there until it was very late. 内容来自

  句中,stay是可延续性动词,所以不必not。

  He didn't leave until it was very late.

内容来自

 

  句中,leave是不可持续性动词,所以用not

 

 

  ②because, so;although, but CopyRight .com

  上面已经提到,because和so及although和but不连用。 CopyRight .com

  例如: 内容来自

  Because he was late, he didn't catch the first bus. 内容来自

  一定不可能说

内容来自

 

  Because he was late, so he didn't catch the first bus. 内容来自

  ③or还是and

内容来自

 

  祈使句+or+陈述句前后是对立的

  祈使句+and+陈说句前后是统一的

 

 

  (or或and后的陈述句,常用一般将来时) 内容来自

  Study hard, or you won't pass the exam. CopyRight .com

  Study hard, and you will pass the exam.

  两句都可以转换成“If条件句+主句”情势,注意:要去掉or和and: 内容来自

  If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam. 内容来自

  If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

内容来自

 

  ④because, since, as, for表示原因时的差异 CopyRight .com

  只管because, for, since, as都表示起因,然而用法上有不同.

  because通常表示谈话人认为这种理由或者原因是听话人所不知道的. CopyRight .com

  如:

 

 

  He didn't attend the meeting because he had too much work to do. CopyRight .com

  since表示的原因是人们已知的事实,常译作“既然”。

  如: CopyRight .com

  Since he can't answer this question, you'd better ask someone else.

  as表示起因与since差别不大,只是语气更弱,多译为“由于” CopyRight .com

  如: CopyRight .com

  As I haven't seen the film, I can't tell you what I think of it.

 

 

  for表示因果关系时,只能放在主句之后,不能放在句首。而且经常是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。

 

 

  如:

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  It rained last night, for the ground is wet.

内容来自

 

  ⑤ as, when, while

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  when意思是“在……时刻或时期”,它可以兼指“时间点”与“时间段”,从句的动词既可以是可延续性动词也可以是不可延续性动词。

  如: CopyRight .com

  When I got home, he was having supper.

 

 

  When I was young, I liked dancing.

内容来自

 

  as意思是“边……边……”或“与……同时”,重在表现动作同时发生伴随进行。

  如: 内容来自

  They talked as they walked.

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  while只指“时光段”,不指“时间点”,从句的动词只限于延续性动词。 内容来自

  如:

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  While I slept a thief broke in. CopyRight .com

  二、被动语态 内容来自

  1.考查要点:普通现在时,个别过去时以及正常现在时带有情态动词的被动语态的用法。

 

 

  2.考纲要求:把持被动语态的构成跟畸形当初时,一般从前时以及个别现在时带有情态动词的被动语态的用法。 内容来自

  3.答题要点:被动语态的句子是由助动词be+动词的过去分词这一形式形成的。从前分词永远不变,所有的变化即人称,数,时态的变革,都体当初助动词be的变化上。如果助动词be的变更控制得好,被动语态就很容易掌握。 内容来自

  4.留心事项:

内容来自

 

  ①在不用要指出动作的履行者时,“by+动词执行者”可以省略。

内容来自

 

  We grow tea in South China.

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  Tea is grown (by us) in South China.

  ②不晓得动作的实行者是谁,利用被动语态比较适合。

  A child was kidnapped last night.昨天晚上一个小孩被诱拐了。

内容来自

 

  The letters have been taken away.信已经被人那走了。 内容来自

  ③用于被动语态的短语动词不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。

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  ④带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,常有两种方法:

内容来自

 

  把自动语态的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,间接宾语前通常加介词to,有时加for。 CopyRight .com

  把自动语态的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,直接宾语不变。 内容来自

  例如:Mr Li gave me an interesting book yesterday.李老师昨天给了我一本有趣的书。 内容来自

  →An interesting book was given to me (by Mr Li) yesterday.

 

 

  →I was given an interesting book (by Mr Li) yesterday. 内容来自

  ⑤用于被动结构的短语动词不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。

 

 

  例如:My sister looks after me at home every day.

 

 

  →I am looked after by my sister at home every day. 内容来自

  ⑥带有复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,只有把宾语变为被动构造的主语,原来的宾语补足语留在原处不动。

内容来自

 

  例如:My little sister asked me to read this story for her. CopyRight .com

  →I was asked to read this story(by my little sister).

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