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线话语法讲堂：虚拟语气（5）

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:43:42

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　　1．用介词或介词短语表现虚构前提 CopyRight .com

　　常用的介词或介词短语主要有without（不），but for（要不是），in the absence of（如果没有）或were it not for（要是不），but that（假设……不）等。例如：

　　 Without electricity, there would not be modern industry.

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　　 But for the leadership of the Party, we couldn’t live such a happy life.

　　 In the absence of gravity, there would be no air around the earth. CopyRight .com

　　Example: CopyRight .com

　　 Without gravity, we ______ able to walk.

　　 a. were b. should be c. can be d. should not be

　　 Were it not for the atmosphere, the stars ______ shining at any time in the day.

　　 a. be seen b. can be seen c. could be seen d. could have been seen

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　　2．用动词不定式表示虚拟条件

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　　It would be a shame to stop our work half-way. 内容来自

　　It would take about 125 million of molecules of water to form a row an inch long.

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　　假如要排成一寸长就需要大略一亿二千五百万个水分子。 CopyRight .com

　　Example:

　　 It ______ better to think independently. 内容来自

　　 a. goes b. looks c. would be d. shall be CopyRight .com

　　3．通过高下文表示虚拟条件

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　　常用的连接词有or, otherwise, but等。例如： CopyRight .com

　　I was very busy yesterday. Otherwise I would have come to see you. 内容来自

　　The worn parts have been replaced at the proper time, or a damage might have happened.

　　磨损的部件及时更换了，否则就会发生破坏。内容来自

　　Example:

　　 He went on foot, but he ______ by bus.

　　 a. might go b. should be gone c. could have gone d. ought have gone

　　 The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ______ here 50 minutes sooner. 内容来自

　　 a. would have been b. would be c. should be d. had been

　　4．虚拟语气用在...would(或had)rather（或would just as soon）+ 从句的句式中，表示与事实相反的愿望。从句谓语动词要用从前式。例如：

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　　 I would rather you stayed here.

　　 I would rather that you didn’t do anything.

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　　 I’d just as soon you didn’t go there. CopyRight .com

　　Example:

　　 I’d just as soon ______ those important papers with you. 内容来自

　　 a. that you won’t take b. your not taking c. please don’t you take d. you didn’t take CopyRight .com

　　 I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.

　　 a. do b. didn’t do c. don’t d. didn’t

　　5．虚拟语气用在...had hoped that...句型中，表示从前未实现的欲望，意为“原本渴望...”，从句谓语用would + 本相动词。例如：

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　　I had hoped that she would answer my letter.

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　　We had hoped that you would change your mind. 内容来自

　　His father had hoped that he would be a scientist.

　　Example: 内容来自

　　 Tom’s father had hoped that he ______ into business with him. CopyRight .com

　　 a. would go b. would have gone c. went d. had gone

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　　6．虚构语气用在had better, had best, had rather, would sooner, would rather, would have句型

　　中，后接原形动词。例如：

　　 You had better close the window.

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　　 I would rather stay at home.

　　 You had best leave her alone. 内容来自

　　 Would you have me tell her a lie?

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　　 If you don’t mind, I’d rather not see the play.

　　 I had rather put the books on the desk.

　　 Liu Hu Lan would sooner die than surrender.

　　Example:

　　 I ______ do that if I were given the choice.

　　 a. would rather not b. rather not c. do not rather d. would not rather

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　　 “I haven’t felt well for a week.” “You ______ see a doctor.”

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　　 a. had ought to b. had better c. should have to d. had rather CopyRight .com

　　 ______ do it myself than try to persuade a stubborn fellow like you. 内容来自

　　 a. I’d rather b. I’d better c. I rather d. I’d like CopyRight .com

　　EXERCISE 内容来自

　　1. I would rather ______ a book than watch TV. CopyRight .com

　　a. read b. reading c. to read d. have read

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　　2. You were late again this morning. I think you had better ______ on time.

　　a. to start to be b. start being c. started being d. to be

　　3. She ______ into the water but that I caught her. 内容来自

　　a. would fall b. would have fallen c. has fallen d. wouldn’t fall

　　4. He had hopped that his son _____ an engineer.

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　　a. will be b. be c. is d. would be

　　5. I would just as soon ______ those heavy boxes with you.

　　a. that you won’t take b. your not taking c. please don’t you take d. you didn’t take CopyRight .com

　　6. I did not call to make my airline reservation, but I _____. 内容来自

　　a. must have b. may have c. should have d. shall have 内容来自

　　7. ______ your advice, I would never have got the job. CopyRight .com

　　a. But for b. As for c. Apart from d. Except for

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　　8. With all this work on hand, he ______ TV last night.

　　a. mustn’t watch b. shouldn’t have watched c. wouldn’t watch d. ought not to watch

　　9. He must have missed the train, or he ______ here then.

　　a. should be b. would be c. would have been d. had to be

　　10. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ______ achieved.

　　a. must have been b. could have been c. should have d. would not have been

　　11. I was in a hurry that day. Otherwise I ______ to talk to you.

　　a. had stopped b. would have stopped c. stopped d. had to stop

　　12. “I’m surprised to learn that you’re going back to Chicago.” 内容来自

　　“Yes. I’d hoped that I ______ have to go back again, but I do.” CopyRight .com

　　a. don’t b. won’t c. hadn’t d. wouldn’t

　　13. Better ______ the butcher than the doctor.

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　　a. to pay b. pay c. paying d. paid

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　　14. I would have come sooner but I ______ that you were waiting. CopyRight .com

　　a. didn’t know b. hadn’t known c. haven’t known d. couldn’t have known CopyRight .com

　　15. You had better ______ so many questions.

　　a. not to ask b. ask not c. not ask d. not asking

　　16. “John wants to see you today.” “I would rather he ______ tomorrow than today.” CopyRight .com

　　a. comes b. came c. has come d. should come

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　　17. Life today ______ very different without iron and steel.

　　a. would be b. is not c. will be d. has been

　　18. It ______ wrong not to take this into consideration.

　　a. is said b. will be c. would be d. can be

　　19. I would sooner not _____ here.

　　a. have waited b. waiting c. waited d. wait

　　20. Time is running out. Hadn’t we better______? CopyRight .com

　　a. got started b. got start c. get started d. to get starting

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线话语法讲堂：虚拟语气（5）

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