阅读理解：抓取主旨大意技巧

     主旨大意题 CopyRight .com

　　宗旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。主旨大意是作者在文章中要表白的主要内容，是全文的核心，作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明中央话题。因此，控制主旨粗心对正确懂得全文存在重要意思。要找出主旨大意，应采取快捷阅读法阅读全文，浏览时要留神抓住抒发中心理维的句子。文章不同，中央句在文章中的位置也就不同，但个别情况下阅读时应特殊留意文章的开头、结尾及各个段落的首句跟尾句，由于它们往往包括文章的中心议题。更多杰出尽在《试题调研》第9辑《考前抢分必备》

　　常见的命题方式：

　　What is the main idea of this passage? CopyRight .com

　　What dose this passage mainly concern?

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　　The main theme of this passage is_____________

　　The main point of the passage is___________

　　Which of the following is the best title for the passage? CopyRight .com

　　The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is______

　　The purpose of the writer writing this passage is_____

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　　Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?

　　文章主题常常可能通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下多少种情况： CopyRight .com

　　1。题句位于句首。主题句浮现在文首，单刀直入，提出主题，随之用细节来说明、支撑主题句所表白的主题思维。这是英语中最常见的演绎写作法。2。主题句位于段末。主题句出当初文章结尾是作者采用了先摆事实，后作论断的手法。这种段落称作演绎型段落。这是英语中最常见的演绎写作法。3. 主题句首尾响应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾照顾的写作措施也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的象征。4。主题句位于段落的旁边。主题句涌当初文章的旁边，通常前面只提出问题，文章的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、说明或发展。5。主题句隐含在段意之中。全文不清楚的主题句。其中央思想包含在各个句子中，在这种情形下，读者要把所有已知的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句。 CopyRight .com

　　【典例1】 The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take。

　　Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed。

　　……

　　Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year。

　　Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.  (2008·安徽卷)

　　This passage is mainly about ________。

　　A. energy-saving tips        B. fuel-saving tips 

　　C. do-it-yourself tips    D. environment-protecting tips

　　【解析】 本文主要介绍了如何节省能源。本文是一篇科普文章，主题很明显，文章一开始就点明了主题，接下来整篇文章都是围绕如何save energy发展，而save fuel仅仅只是其中的一部分。故选A。针对主旨大意类题目，应采用快速阅读法(Skimming)阅读全文。在浏览时，应特别留心文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句跟段尾句，因为他们往往名包含文章的中心议题。 内容来自www. .com

　　【典例2】 Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today。

　　Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication。 CopyRight .com

　　……

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　　The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new from of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.                 (2008·北京卷)

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　　The passage is mainly about _______。

　　A. why humans domesticated horses

　　B. how humans and horses needed each other

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　　C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes

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　　D. how human societies and horses influenced each other

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