日常英语学习英语语法中的平行结构

　　什么是平行结构？ parallel structure

　　平行结构指的是相同的语法结构，它恳求有等同重要的思维、概念，并列的句子成分要用同类的语法形式来表白，要用并列连词连接。日常英语学习平行结构是一种修辞手法，它能够使句子前后保持平衡和协调，从而增加语言的连贯性。

　　一、连词连接两个平等的词和对等的结构  内容来自

　　       并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also), rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词跟同等的结构。 

　　       1.所连接的谓语情势必需一致 

　　       例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter. 

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　　       例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.  CopyRight .com

　　       2.日常英语学习所连接的词或短语形式必须一致 

　　       例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class. 

　　       例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories. 

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　　       例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.  内容来自

　　       3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致 

　　       例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.  内容来自

　　       例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper. 

　　       4.所衔接的句子结构必须一致 

　　       例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him. 

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　　       例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us. 

　　       二、某些特定的固定结构。例如：  CopyRight .com

　　       (1)有些词后要用平行结构的日常英语学习。例如：  CopyRight .com

　　       prefer sth to sth  内容来自

　　       prefer doing sth to doing sth  内容来自

　　       prefer to do sth rather than do sth  内容来自

　　       1) I prefer rice to noodles.  内容来自

　　       2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music.  CopyRight .com

　　       3) He preferred to die rather than surrender.  内容来自

　　       (2)有些结构中要用平行结构。例如：  CopyRight .com

　　       would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something (宁肯……也不……) 

　　       1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up. 

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　　       2) I would as soon stay at home as go.  CopyRight .com

　　       III 部分强调句  

　　       要强调句子的某一部分，可能把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构跟What … is / was…结构。  CopyRight .com

　　       一、It is / was … that … 日常英语学结构 

　　       1.It is / was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分 

　　       例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday. 

　　       例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday. 

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　　       2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who枵whom 

　　       强调主语时，假如指的是人， 可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果领导的是人，可用whom。例如： 

　　       1）It was the dean who walked by. 

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　　       2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most. 

　　       3被强调部分指物时，要用that  CopyRight .com

　　       例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday. 

　　       4.被强调局部是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where的日常英语学习.  内容来自

　　       例1：It is during his spare time that John has been studying a course in French. 

　　　     例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference. 

　　       5.不能用It is / was … that 构造强调动词 

　　       强调动词常用do,从前式用did。例如： 

　　       1) They did study very hard yesterday. 

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　　       2) He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her. 

　　       What … is / was … 结构  CopyRight .com

　　       二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部门。日常英语学习例如：  CopyRight .com

　　       1）What hurts is my left leg. 

　　       2）What I like is her style.

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