英语虚拟语气知识点讲解

　如果你看到下列的句子，你会认为它们是正确的仍是错的呢？

　　1.I wish I were a bird.

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　　2.We request that you be here tomorrow.

　　兴许你会说:"哈哈，第一句的 I were 错了，应该是 I was；而第二句中的 you be是什么东东呀？不是 you are, 也不是 you will be, 什么 you be?!"切实上面的句子都是一种称为 Subjunctive 类型的句子。Subjunctive Mood 有的书译为"假设语气"，虽不很贴切；但在相当大的程度上，告诉咱们这种句子的特点。Subjunctive Mood中文译作"虚拟语气"，好像不迭"假设语气"那么容易明白。它是一种动词形式，表示谈话人的某种假设、愿望、猜疑、料想、倡导等含意。基本上，英语虚拟语气可分为虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present)跟虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past)两种；但它们和时态(Tenses)上所指的现在时态(Present Tense)跟过去时态(Past Tense)是有所不同的。

　　一、虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present):

　　虚构当初的句子，在任何时候都要用动词的原形(root form)，就算是第三人称(he,she, it)也是如此。如： CopyRight .com

　　1.1 现在时态(Simple Present): (右边为英语虚拟语气)

CopyRight .com

　　　I work ---- I work

　　　you work ---- you work 内容来自

　　　he works ---- he work (留神到了吗，是 work，不是 works)

　　　she works ---- she work (不是 she works 喔）

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　　　it works ---- it work　(同样不是 it works 喔)

　　　we work ---- we work

　　　they work ---- they work

　　1.2　现在进行时态(Present Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气） CopyRight .com

　　I am working ---- I be working (留心用的是 be，怪怪的!) 内容来自

　　　you are working ---- you be working CopyRight .com

　　　he is working ---- he be working

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　　　she is working ---- she be working

　　　it is working ---- it be working 内容来自

　　　we are working ---- we be working

　　　they are woring ---- they be working

　　1.3　现在完成时态(Present Perfect):(右边为虚拟语气) 内容来自

　　I have worked ---- I have worked

　　　you have worked ---- you have worked CopyRight .com

　　　he has worked ----- he have worked (用的还是have喔)

　　　she has worked ---- she have worked

　　　it has worked ---- it have worked CopyRight .com

　　　we have worked ---- we have worked 内容来自

　　　they have worked ---- they have worked

CopyRight .com

　　1.4　当初实现进行时态(Present Perfect Continuous):(右边为虚构语气) CopyRight .com

　　　I have been working ---- I have been working 内容来自

　　　you have been working ---- you have been working CopyRight .com

　　　he has been working ---- he have been working　(是 he have, 不是 he has )

　　　she has been working ---- she have been working

　　　it has been working --- it have been working 内容来自

　　　we have been working ---- we have been working

　　　they have been working ---- they have been working

　　谈谈虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)（二）

　　二、虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past) CopyRight .com

　　虚拟过去的动词无论在什么情况之下都要用过去复数情势。如：动词 be，在虚拟过去中要用 were。 内容来自

　　2.1　过去时态的英语虚拟语气(Simple Past):(右边为虚拟语气)

　　　I worked ---- I worked

　　　you worked ---- you worked

　　　he worked ---- he worked 内容来自

　　　she worked ---- she worked CopyRight .com

　　　it worked ---- it worked CopyRight .com

　　　we worked ---- we worked CopyRight .com

　　　they worked ---- they worked

CopyRight .com

　　2.2　从前进行时态(Past Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气) 内容来自

　　　I was working ---- I were working （注意是 I were） CopyRight .com

　　　you were working ---- you were working

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　　　he was working ---- he were working (是 he were 喔)

CopyRight .com

　　　she was working ---- she were working

　　　it was working ---- it were working

　　　we were working ---- we were working

　　　they were working ---- they were working

　　2.3　过去实现时态的英语虚拟语气(Past Perfect):(右边为虚拟语气)

　　　I had worked ---- I had worked

　　　you had worked ---- you had worked

CopyRight .com

　　　he had worked ---- he had worked 内容来自

　　　she had worked ---- she had worked

　　　it had worked ---- it had worked

　　　we had worked ---- we had worked

　　　they had worked ---- they had worked

　　　(耶，全部都用 had ! )

　　2.4　过去完成进行时态(Past Perfect Continuous):(右边为英语虚拟语气)

　　　I had been working ---- I had been working

内容来自

　　　you had been working ---- you had been working

　　　he had been working ---- he had been working CopyRight .com

　　　she had been working ---- she had been working

　　　it had been working ---- it had been working

　　　we had been working ---- we had been working

　　　they had been working ---- they had been working 

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