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英语阅读理解详解

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:33:10

　　一、概念

　　阅读是英语理解才干的表现情势，也是词汇、句式、语法的综合利用。英语阅读理解阅读包含默读（认读）和理解，也就是说一篇文章既要可能朗读下来，也要理解短文的意思，进而完成与短文相关的题目。所以理解部分也称为阅读理解。

　　二、技巧

　　阅读是一个比拟综合的标题，对所把持的英语技能的程度请求比较高。所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基本常识的掌握，又要养成阅读的好习惯，加强对英语阅读理解训练。

　　1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和意识。在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词连续通读全文。

　　2、读完第一遍，再从头浏览。这一遍要留心句式跟语法，懂得文章内容，特别是事件发生的时间，同时来料想一下生词的含意。

　　3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。这样你就能够完全懂得文章

　　三、英语阅读理解做题技巧

　　个别说来，在练习、测验中实现阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有差异的。在训练、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。

　　1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。

　　2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中浮现了哪些人物，提到了什么时光，说到了哪个地点，产生了什么事件，这些都是你实现题目标关键信息。

　　3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有3种类型：（1）选择题;（2）判定题；（3）回答问题。在这三种形式中，绝对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。完成断定题的挑选题最为有效的措施，也是同学们运用最多的方式是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对比进行判断或筛选。在完成答复问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。

　　四、练习　

内容来自

　　 (一) 根据短文内容断定正（T）误(F)

　　此类题目要求快速阅读所给图片和文字，初步控制内容，了解大意；然后细读，捉住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证；也可以先阅读题目，清楚要求后再看文章，然后做出判断。这样岂但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重点，做到有的放矢。 CopyRight .com

　　1. 阅读这篇英语阅读理解，依据短文内容抉择准确谜底， CopyRight .com

　　 My Class

内容来自

　　 I study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou. I have forty—seven classmates (同窗). Twenty—three are boys and twenty—four are girls. Our classroom is a nice one. It’s very big. There are four windows and two doors in it. We have a big blackboard and a small one. The big one is for our teachers and the small one is for us. Mr. Li is our Chinese teacher. He is an old man. We don’t like him at all. But Miss Chen, our English teacher, is a young woman. She is very nice. We all like her very much. So we like English the best. We often play basketball with Miss Li. 内容来自

　　(1). ( ) I am a . A. student B. pupil C. teacher 内容来自

　　(2). ( ) There are . A. Forty—eight B. forty—seven C. forty—six

　　(3). ( ) Our classroom is . A. small B. old C. nice

　　(4). ( ) There is only one in our classroom.

　　A. blackboard B. small blackboard C. big window CopyRight .com

　　(5). ( ) Our favorite subject is .

　　 A. Chinese B. English C. basketball

　　2. Kim is a girl. She is twelve. Her parents are doctors. Kim can do many things. After school, she often helps her mother. She studies very hard. She is good at math, and she can speak English and Chinese. After supper, she watches TV.

　　( ) 1. Kim’s father is a doctor.

　　( ) 2. Kim’s mother is a nurse.

　　( ) 3. Kim can’t do any thing.

　　( ) 4. Kim can’t speak Chinese. CopyRight .com

　　( ) 5. She doesn’t watch TV.

　　( ) 6. She is good at math.

　　3、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。

　　 There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in black is Tom. The girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma. CopyRight .com

　　 Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Tom’s mother is a nurse and his father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future. 内容来自

　　 Jane’s mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Jane’s father is a teacher. He teaches math very well. He is very kind and we all like him. CopyRight .com

　　 Emma’s family just moved into the town from countryside. Her farther used to be a farmer. He is now working in a small company. Emma’s mother is a housewife.

　　( ) (1) There are one boy and two girls under the tree.

　　( ) (2) There are only two people in Tom’s family.

内容来自

　　( ) (3) Tom’s mother is a doctor. 内容来自

　　( ) (4) My mother is a worker.

　　( ) (5) Jane’s father teaches math.

　　( ) (6) Emma used to live in the town.

　　( ) (7) Emma’s father was a farmer.

内容来自

　　(二)根据短文内容取舍正确答案。

　　器重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而影响对整篇文章的理解。切实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可能根据高下文的意思考虑出来的。因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。而后再在理解的基础长进行剖析，通过逻辑思维，做出决定，完成题目。

　　1. I am a boy. My name is Li Ming. I am ten. I am a pupil. I have two friends. One is Danny. The other one is Jenny. Jenny is pupil, too. We are in the same row. We like Danny.

　　( ) (1) How old is Li Ming?

　　 A. He’s ten. B: He’s eleven. CopyRight .com

　　( ) (2) Is Li Ming a teacher?

　　 A: Yes, he is. B: No, he isn’t. CopyRight .com

　　( ) (3) Is Jenny a pupil?

内容来自

　　 A. Yes, she is. B: No, she isn’t. CopyRight .com

　　( ) (4) How old is Danny?

内容来自

　　 A. Sorry, I don’t know. B: She is eleven.

　　( ) (5) Are Li Ming and Jenny in the same class?

内容来自

　　 A: Yes, they are. B: No, they aren’t.

内容来自

　　2. I am Mike. I am a American boy. Now I’m in China. I live in Shanghai. It’s a very beautiful city. I study in a school here. I usually go to school by bus. I like playing football very much. I play it with my friends on the weekends. My mother is a TV reporter. She goes to work by subway. She likes singing very much. She often listens to music on TV. My father is a teacher. He teaches P.E. in a school. He goes to work on foot. He likes art. He often draws pictures on Saturday.

　　( ) (1) Mike lives in __________ now.

　　A. Shanghai B: Beijing C: America CopyRight .com

　　( ) (2) Mike is a __________ now.

　　A. teacher B. a reporter C. student CopyRight .com

　　( ) (3) Mike’s hobby is _________________ 内容来自

　　A. playing football B. listening to music C. painting

内容来自

　　( ) (4) His father goes to work __________ CopyRight .com

　　A. by subway B. on foot C. by bus

　　3. One day, after school the teacher says to his students: “Tomorrow morning if anyone of you can answer my first questions, he or she can go home early.” 内容来自

　　 The next day, when the teacher comes into the classroom, he finds the blackboard very dirty. He is very angry and asks: ”Who did it? Please stand up!” “It’s me.” Says Tom. “ Now , I can go home. Goodbye. Sir!” 内容来自

　　 ( ) (1) Tom is the teacher’s ___________ CopyRight .com

　　 A. friend B. student C. brother D. son 内容来自

　　( ) (2) Tom makes ____________ dirty. 内容来自

　　A. the desk B. the chair C. the window D. the blackboard 内容来自

　　( ) (3) the teacher is very angry because__________ CopyRight .com

　　A. Tom can answer his first question B. Tom doesn’t stand up

　　C: the blackboard is very dirty D. the classroom is very clean CopyRight .com

　　( ) (4) The teacher asks the students to _____________

内容来自

　　A. stand up B. sit down C. go homes D. clean the blackboard

　　( ) (5) Which is true?

　　A. It is good for Tom to do it. B. Tom is late for school.

　　C. Tom goes home early every day. D. Tom is a naughty student. CopyRight .com

　　4、取舍填空。 CopyRight .com

　　 Mike likes to collect stamps. He started this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last. He has stamps from China, France and Japan. But most of his stamps are from China, because he has lots of friends in China.

内容来自

　　 Mike’s stamps are of various shapes –triangle, square, rectangle and circle. His favorite shape is circle. Mike puts all his shapes in several albums. To increase his collection, Mike sometimes exchanges stamps with his friends. 内容来自

　　 John is one of his friends, who also like to collect stamps. His stamps are pretty and colorful. John and Mike meet once a week. Each time they meet they will show each other their new collection. 内容来自

　　(1) Mike’s hobby is to A. collect stamps B. make friends C. travelling D. keep albums

内容来自

　　(2) Most of Mike’s stamps are from

　　 A. Japan B. France C. China D. Not mentioned CopyRight .com

　　(3) Mike has stamps of different shapes.

　　 A. five B. four C. three D. two 内容来自

　　(4) John is Mike’s A. father B. neighbor C. classmate D. friend CopyRight .com

　　(5) How often do John and Mike meet?

　　 A. four times a week B. three times a week C. twice a week D. once a week

内容来自

　　（三）根据短文内容回答问题。

　　此类题目是浏览理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它恳求咱们在懂得的基础上进行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要留神用词跟句子结构，要避免语法错误。

内容来自

　　1. This is RDZ, the working robot. RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村). He helps the family with the housework every day. He cleans the house, washes the clothes and dishes. He knows how to cook well. RDZ doesn’t eat normal(个别的) food. He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil. Do Mr. and Mrs. Spacy eat these things? Never.

　　 RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacy’s children with their homework. This year he is teaching them Space language. The children are very clever. CopyRight .com

　　 The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星). They will come back home in two days. So RDZ has a wonderful time. He won’t clean. He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food.

　　(1) Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family? ________________________________

　　(2) What does RDZ eat and drink every day? ____________________________________ CopyRight .com

　　(3) Is RDZ teaching Mr. and Mrs. Spacy’s children English? _________________________ 内容来自

　　(4) Does RDZ have a wonderful time? __________________________________________

　　(5) When will Mr. and Mrs. Spacy be back? _______________________________________

　　2. My name is Wang Lin. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my little brother and I. my father is a teacher. He likes drawing pictures. He works in a school. He goes to work by bus. My mother is a nurse. She likes listening to music. She works in a hospital. She goes to work by bus. My brother is a student. Hw likes watching TV. He goes to work on foot. I like playing football. I go to school by bike. CopyRight .com

　　(1) Who works in a school? _________________________________________________ 内容来自

　　(2) What does Wang Lin’s mother do? ________________________________________

内容来自

　　(3) What does Wang Lin like doing? _________________________________________

　　(4) Is Wang Lin’s brother a student? ___________________________________________

　　(5) Does Wang Lin’s father go to work by bus? _________________________________ CopyRight .com

　　3. It’s Monday today. It’s twelve o’clock now. Jenny and her classmates are having lunch in the classroom. What’s on Jenny’s desk? There are some apples, bread and some eggs. Oh, they are very delicious.

　　(1) What day is it today? _______________________________________________

　　(2) What’s the time? ___________________________________________________ 内容来自

　　(3) Who is having lunch? ________________________________________________

　　(4) What’s on Jenny’s desk? _____________________________________________

　　(5) Are there any bananas on Jenny’s desk? __________________________________

　　内容来自

　　（四）、根据短文内的汉语提示，补全单词。内容来自

　　根据汉语提醒补全短文，必定要注意文中的时态、人称等。填完单词当前一定要再通读一遍文章，保障文章通顺、公平。 CopyRight .com

　　 The Green (1) (喜好) going out for a trip on Sunday. This (2) （周日）they want to go to the park. Jack and Mike, their (3) （儿子）get up very early. They put on the same (4) （牛仔裤）, the same (5) （鞋）. After that they (6) their mother do the housework. They put some bread, meat , (7) （蛋）and some fruit in a basket and (8) (搬) it to the car. Mrs. Green takes four (9) (罐)of coke with her. The little dog is (10) （跑） after her.

　　（五）完形填空。

内容来自

　　在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大略意思弄懂，而后再推敲用单词的什么形式来填空。

　　1. One day, Mr. Ampere went out (1) a walk in the street. There (2) a lot of people there. But all this was (3) to him. He was thinking (4) a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could he (5) it out?

　　 Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him. He began to write the (6) with a piece of chalk on it. Then the blackboard moved (7) . he moved with it. But it moved so (8) that he could not catch up with it. He looked (9) and saw the “blackboard” (10) him.

　　 Why? It was the back of a carriage(马车)！

内容来自

　　( ) (1) A. to B. by C. for D. with

　　( ) (2) A. were B. are C. is ; D. was

　　( ) (3) A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 内容来自

　　( ) (4) A. on B. off C. about D. hard

　　( ) (5) A. work B. start C, take D. bring

　　( ) (6) A. word B. start C, take D. bring

　　( ) (7) A. few B. little C. a few D. a little

　　( ) (8) A. early B. fast C. slowly D. quietly

　　( ) (9) A. down B. up C. in D. out 内容来自

　　( ) (10) A. behind B. beside C. above D. before CopyRight .com

　　2. Bob thought that he was very clever. He thought that no one could fool（欺骗）him because he (1) too clever. One day he (2) to Dick, the man on watching at the gate:“You (3) fool me. Dick. You (4) too foolish!”

　　 “ (5) here by this gate.” Answered Dick, “I (6) a way to fool you.” then he went home.

　　 Two hours later another young man (7) along. CopyRight .com

　　 “Why are you standing here?” he (8) bob. CopyRight .com

　　 “ I (9) for Dick, ” answered Bob, “ he is going to try fool me.”

　　 “Dick (10) home. ” said the young man, “ He has already fooled you!” 内容来自

　　( ) (1) A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to

　　( ) (2) A. said B. says C. was saying D. is saying

内容来自

　　( ) (3) A. don’t B. didn’t C. can never D. never

　　( ) (4) A. were B. are C. will be D. was CopyRight .com

　　( ) (5) A. Wait B. Waits C. Waited D. Wait for

　　( ) (6) A. will find B. found C. find D. founded

　　( ) (7) A. comes B. came C. had come D. coming

　　( ) (8) A. asked B. asks C. is asking D. told

　　( ) (9) A. was waiting B. waited C. am waiting D. were waiting

　　( ) (10) A. goes B. has gone C. had gone D. went

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英语阅读理解

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