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初中英语语法:常考词汇辨析(13)

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:34:00

一、初中英语语法之”伤害“

◆hurt v.

 

1. 用于本义,表示身体上的“受伤”、“苦楚悲伤”,此时通常连用的副词修饰语有 badly, bitterly, seriously, slightly 等。如: CopyRight .com

It hurts bitterly. 它痛得厉害。

内容来自

 

Are you badly hurt? 你伤得厉害吗? 内容来自

He was seriously hurt in the accident. 他在事变中受了重伤。

 

 

2. 用于引申义,表现感情上的“伤害”,此时通常连用的副词润饰语有 (very) much, deeply, greatly 等。如: CopyRight .com

You’ve hurt her feelings. 你损害了她的感情。

CopyRight .com

 

I’m hurt not to have been invited. 不邀请我,我很不酣畅。

CopyRight .com

 

I was very much hurt at what he said. 听了他的话我很痛心。

有时也用于比喻义。如: 内容来自

Smoking will injure your health. 抽烟会损害你的健康。

 

 

Her refusal injured his pride. 她拒绝他,伤害了他的自尊心。 内容来自

3. wound 主要指外界暴力或用武器造成的较重的身材上的伤害,好的英语学习网站,多用于战斗或作战等场合。如:

The soldier was badly wounded in the head. 这位士兵头部受了重伤。

 

 

In a war there are many more wounded than killed. 在战役中受伤的远比去世亡的人多。 内容来自

注:wound 有时也用于精神上的侵害,但不如 hurt 常见。如:

Never needlessly hurt [wound, injure] the feelings of anybody. 千万不要无谓地伤害任何人的情感。

4. 从用法上看,从前分词 wounded 跟 injured 均可用于名词前作定语, ,而用作从前分词的 hurt 则很少这样用。如:

The wounded [injured] soldier was well looked after. 这个受伤的士兵受到的很好的照顾。

CopyRight .com

 

另外,the injured 跟 the wounded 均可用作名词,意为“受伤的人”(存在复数意思)。如: 内容来自

The injured [wounded] were sent to hospital. 受伤的人被送往医院。 内容来自

二、初中英语语法之”想法“

◆idea n.

1. 表示做某事的主张,其后要接 of doing sth, 个别不接不定式。如:

CopyRight .com

 

想到要出国,他很激动。

 

 

正:He was excited at the idea of going abroad.

内容来自

 

误:He was excited at the idea to go abroad.

CopyRight .com

 

我还不想结婚。

CopyRight .com

 

正:I don’t like the idea of getting married yet.

CopyRight .com

 

误:I don’t like the idea to get married yet.

 

 

2, 其后诚然不直接跟不定式,但有时可接带衔接代词或连接副词的不定式。如:

CopyRight .com

 

He has no idea how to use it. 他不知道该怎么用它。 CopyRight .com

I had no idea what to say to her. 我不知道对她说什么。 内容来自

3. idea 之后可接一个由 that 引导的同位语从句,此时的 that不能改用 which。如: 内容来自

我不喜好金钱万能的看法。

CopyRight .com

 

正:I don’t like the idea that money is everything.

误:I don’t like the idea which money is everything.

4. 后接 that 从句时,不用介词 of;接 wh-从句时,可用介词 of(也可省略)。如:

 

 

I had no idea that he was ill. 我不晓得他病了。 CopyRight .com

Have you any idea (of) when he will come? 你知道他什么时候来吗? 

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