英语广场
首页 > 英语广场 > 学习空间 > 英语语法 > 正文

一般将来时讲解(详细版)

线话英语|2012-07-26 12:32:36

线话英语提供


  一般将来时讲解(详细版)如下:

  一般将来时也译为单纯将来时。

  例A:I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.

  (如明天下雨我就不来。)

  例B:My brother will leave for the United States next week.

  (我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。)

  解说 从句式我们可以了解一般将来时的表达须借助于助动词“shall/will”。关于“shall/will”的用法,传统文法谈得很多,同时各文法学家的理论也不很一致。更重要的是英国人和美国人对“shall/will”的用法规则并不很一致,也不很严谨,所以本书拟只提供下面的五个规则,相信各位只要把下面这五个规则学通了,你的“shall/will”的用法就可以中规中矩了。

  ①说或写都尽量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll …”的简缩形(如用法例2、3)。

  ②要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来。)

  例A:I won't see him again.

  (我不愿意再和他见面。)

  例B:Who will go and help that poor old man?

  (谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人?)

  Mary will . (玛莉愿意。)

  ③说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。

  例A:You shall not do that again.

  (你不可以再做那样的事。)

  例B:He shall return that book tomorrow.

  (明天他必须把那本书归还。)

  ④第一人称问句使用“shall”。

  例A:Shall I call you a taxi ?

  (需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗?)

  例B:Shall we tell her the truth ?

  (我们可以把实情告诉她吗?)

  ⑤问句是“Shall…?”,答句就用“shall ~”;问句用“Will …?”,答句就用“will ~ ”。

  例A:Shall you go to school tomorrow ?

  (你明天须要上学去吗?)

  Yes, I shall . We'll have an exam .

  (是的,我必须去。我们明天有考试。)

  例B:Will you go to school with me tomorrow?

  (明天你要不要和我一道去学校?)

  No, I won't . I'm going on a picnic.

  (我不要。我已定好要去郊游。)

  注:Let's …”的附加疑问通常使用“…, shall we ?”。

  Let's have a rest, shall we?

  (我们休息一下,怎样?)

  一般将来时除了使用“shall/will + V…”以外,也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。

  1.be going to + V … (即将会……;打算将……)

  例A:It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you.

  (带一把伞去。看样子就要下雨了。)

  例B:The Browns are going to move to Australia.

  (布朗先生全家打算迁移到澳大利亚去。)

  2.be about to + V (即将……,指紧接着要发生的动作。)

  例:Let's wait a minute. He is about to arrive.

  (我们等一下。他即将会到达。)

  3.be + V-ing …(定于……,指接近的将来动作。)

  例:He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.

  (他定于明天早晨到香港去。)

  4.be + to V (定于……,指预定的将来动作。)

  例:She is to be here at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow.

  (她定于明晨九时到达这里。)

  5.V-(e)s (定于……,指接近的将来动作,但不如第3项主观。)

  例:He leaves for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.

  (他定于明天早晨到香港去。——与(3)项的区别在于(3)项的动作是出自主语的决定,(5)项则不一定是出自主语的决定。)

  常用于修饰一般将来时的时间副词有:tomorrow, tomorrow morning (afternoon, evening), next + 时间 (next night, next Monday …, next week, month…, next summer…, next year), in (the) future (将来),soon (不久之后),in +时间 (in five days——再过五天,in two weeks——再过二星期),etc.

  Drilling Square

  Ⅰ.请在下列各题空格处填入shall或will。

  1.You ______ not drive through a red light.

  2.I ______ do everything for her.

  3.______ you help me with this heavy bag, John?

  4.______ I help you with that heavy bag, Madam?

  5.Let's go and take a walk after dinner, ______ we?

  6."No one ______ leave the classroom if I haven't said Okay," said the teacher.

  7.It ______ soon be over, I am sure.

  8.Do what you ______ , but don't go out.

  9.I ______ take you there with me, if it's OK with your mother.

  10.Rain or shine, I ______ come.

  Ⅱ.请在下列各题空格处就所设动词给予适当的将来时。

  1.A:How do you want to go to Hualain, by air or by train?

  B:I am not in a hurry this time, so I (1) take the train.

  2.A:(2) (you like) to go to the game this afternoon?

  B:I'd love to. Where (3) (we meet) ?

  A:You just stay home and wait for me. I (4) drive my car there, so I (5) (pick) you up at about 1:30 .

  3.A:It's a good dictionary . I (6) (buy) it, but I don't have money with me now.

  B:Don't worry. I (7) (lend) you.

  4.A:I hear Miss Chen (8) leave our school and teach in a bigger school in Taipei.

  B:But the principal (校长) (9) not let her go . He says she (10) teach at least for another semester until he finds a new teacher.

  情况     构成方法     读音     例词

  一般情况   加 -s     1.清辅音后读/s/;  map-maps

  2.浊辅音和元音后  bag-bags

  读 /z/;     car-cars

  以s, sh, ch,

  x等结尾的词  加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses

  watch-watches

  以ce, se, ze,

  (d)ge等结尾的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses

  以辅音字母

  +y 结尾的词  变y 为 i 加es 读 /z/ baby——babies

推荐阅读: 初中英语不规则动词表   
由英语口语教材提供  线话英语:www.linewow.com
免费预约
258元外教一对一试听课
每日新闻
>
每日一歌
>