初中英语定语从句从句讲解

　　定语从句：在句中作定语的句子，它修饰一个名词或代词，这个被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词的初中英语定语从句。 CopyRight .com

　　一、引导词（关系词）：位于从句与先行词之间，起连接作用，同时在从句中充当一定的成分。先行词分两类：1.关系代词who（作主语）, whom（作宾语）, whose（作定语）, which（作主语、宾语）, that（作主语、宾语）.  2.关系副词when, where, why.

　　初中英语定语从句留神：1.如果关联代词在定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可能省略. 内容来自

　　eg. The trees (that) we have planted grow well. 内容来自

　　      2.关系代词作宾语时，可放在介词后。 但当关系代词是that时，则不能放在介词后。eg. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived

　　= This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in.

　　=This is the house that Lu Xun once lived in

　　二、如何选用引诱词：个别情形领导词的选用是受先行词决定的——先行词是人时用that , who , whom , whose; 先行词是物时用that , which; 先行词是时间、地点时用when , where. 内容来自

　　eg. 1)The boy who / that is standing under the tree is Jim. 站在树下的那个男孩时Jim.

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　　   2)Do you know the girl whose mother is a driver? 你意识那个妈妈是司机的女孩吗？

　　   3)Have you been to the factory where your father works? 你去过你爸爸工作的工厂吗？

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　　但留心差异who / that (指人)；which / that (指物)

　　1.修饰人只用who的情况：

　　a. 先行词是one , ones , anyone , those 时。

　　b. there be句型中修饰名词时。

　　c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。

　　eg.1)Anyone who hasn’t handed in his home- work should stay after school. 没交作业的任何人放学后都要留下。

　　  2)There is a girl who wants to see you at the school gate. 校门口有位想见你的女孩。 CopyRight .com

　　  3)Did you see the man in the park yesterday afternoon who wore a red shirt? 昨天下战书在公园你见过那个穿红衬衫的人吗？

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　　2.润饰人或物只用that的情况的初中英语定语从句：

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　　  a. 先行词为指物的不定代词all , much , little, few , everything , something , anything , nothing CopyRight .com

　　  b.先行词前有最高级、序数词及last , only , very , all , no时 内容来自

　　  c. 先行词既有人，又有物时 内容来自

　　  d. 主句是who / which勾引的特殊疑难句，而先行词又指人或物时。 CopyRight .com

　　eg.1)Is there anything that I can do for you? 有让我做的事吗？

　　  2)He is the only one that can help us at the moment. 他是现在能帮助咱们的唯一的人。

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　　  3)He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 他念叨着他拜访过的老师跟参观过的学校。 内容来自

　　  4)Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 咱们上周星期天用过的机器是哪一台？

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　　3.修饰物只用which的情况：

　　  a. 先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时

　　  b. 先行词为that时

　　eg.1)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived . 这就是鲁迅以前住过的房子。

　　  2)What’s that which you are holding in your arms? 你抱着的那个是什么？

　　*三、定语从句可简化为短语的初中英语定语从句 内容来自

　　1．定语从句为被动语态时可简化为从前分词短语；定语从句为当初进行时可简化为当初分词短语。

　　2．定语从句的谓语(be)后是介词短语，可简化为介词短语作定语。 CopyRight .com

　　3．定语从句的谓语动词含情态动词，可简化为不定式。

　　eg.1)I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun.

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　　  = I bought a book written by Lu Xun. CopyRight .com

　　  2)Tell the children who are playing there not to do that.

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　　= Tell the children playing there not to do that. 内容来自

　　  3)The book that is on the table is mine. CopyRight .com

　　 = The book on the table is mine. 内容来自

　　  4) We have nothing that we should fear.

　　 = We have nothing to fear.