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实用英语语法：情景问题讲解和练习

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:23:47

　　1.问职业的实用英语语法： CopyRight .com

　　What be + 主语？= What does /do +主语+do?

　　eg. He is a teacher.（提问）

　　 ______ _____ he _____?

　　2.It’s nice talking to you.与你谈话真高兴。

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　　△3.表方式的短语

　　1)on foot CopyRight .com

　　2)by + 交通名词单数（无冠词）

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　　 = in / on a (the; 物主代词；名词所有格)

　　eg. 1) by bike = on a bike by car = in a car 内容来自

　　 2) He goes to work by a bike every day.(改错) _____________

　　must: 个人主观上以为“必须”（无时态变革）

　　4. have to : 有外部条件强加的客观上的“不得不” （存在各种时态）

　　eg. 1) I _________ stop on the way because of the rain.

　　 2) I ______ stop because I’m a little tired. CopyRight .com

　　△5.提倡导

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　　Shall we… ? 答确定：Good idea / OK /

　　Let’s … All right

　　Why not… ? 语否定：No, let’s…

　　断定：Certainly/ Yes, please/

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　　另外还可回答为 Yes, I think so/ I’d love to

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　　否认：No,I don’t think so /

　　I’m afraid not.

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　　 put on强调“穿”的动作：穿上，戴上后接内容来自

　　△6.. wear是 put on 之后的结果：穿着 “衣服”

　　= be in 名词

　　 dress sb: 给某人穿衣内容来自

　　eg. 1)You’d better ____ more clothes when you go out. It’s cold outside. CopyRight .com

　　A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off CopyRight .com

　　 2)The boy can ________ himself now. 内容来自

　　A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off CopyRight .com

　　 3) Tom is wearing a red shirt today.

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　　 A. is on B. is in C. is putting on 内容来自

　　△7.在具体的某楼前用 on

　　eg. He lives on the fifteenth floor.

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　　△8.How do you like… ? 你认为……怎么样？

　　 = What do you think of … ? CopyRight .com

　　eg. How do you like the new film? = What do you think of the new film? 你觉得这部新电影怎么样？

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　　9.a little = a bit

　　但注意：1) a little+名词 = a bit of + 名词 )

　　eg.There is a little( a bit of ) water in the glass.

　　 2) not a little = very 内容来自

　　 not a bit = not at all

　　△10. quite : quite a (an) + 形 + 名 CopyRight .com

　　 very : a very + 形 + 名

　　eg. This is a very interesting book. CopyRight .com

　　 = This is quite an interesting book.

　　11.in a hurry: 匆匆促地 CopyRight .com

　　eg.1)He is in a hurry all day. CopyRight .com

　　 2)She went to school in a hurry.

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　　另外：hurry to … = go to … in a hurry

　　12. marry sb = be married to sb.与某人结婚的适应英语语法

　　 get married = be married 已婚；结婚

　　（但get married是“短命”动词，要指“结婚多久”应用be married）

　　eg. 1)She married with a doctor (找错) ______ 内容来自

　　 2)She has got married for ten years (找错) __________

　　△13. leave sth + 地点：把某物忘在某地

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　　 forget sth : 忘记某事

　　eg. 1)He ______ the driver’s license yesterday. 内容来自

　　 2)I ____ my umbrella in the train just now. CopyRight .com

　　△14.感叹句 CopyRight .com

　　 1）What (a, an) + 形 + 名（+主 + 谓）！内容来自

　　(注：但名词为不可数、复数时，则不用a / an)

　　 2）How + 形 / 副（ + 主 + 谓）！

　　eg.1)________ bad weather!

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　　 2)______ hard they are working!

　　 3)______ good girl she is!

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　　 4)_____ beautiful flowers they are!

　　“雨大，雪大”heavy---heavily/ hard 内容来自

　　△15.“风大” strong ---strongly

　　 “太阳大”bright---brightly 内容来自

　　注意以上词的形、副差异

　　eg. 1)There was a __________ rain yesterday. 内容来自

　　 2)It blew ________ last night.

　　 3)The sun is shining ___________.

　　 4)Look! It’s raining __________.

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　　 5)What a ___________ wind!

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　　 how long: 多长时间（问时光段）

　　△16. how often: 多久一次（问频率）

　　 how soon = when: 何时（问将来时间）

　　eg.1)--________ does he go home?

　　-- Once a week.

　　 2)--________ were you away from school last year? --Less than a week. 内容来自

　　 3)--________ will he come back? CopyRight .com

　　 --In two days.

　　eg. 1)I didn’t go to the cinema. _____ I went to the library yesterday.

　　 2)We would like to stay at school _______ going to the cinema today.

　　△18.so 句型

　　 so + be(助、情) + 主语：“也如此” 内容来自

　　 so + 主语 + be(助、情)：“确切如此”

　　eg.1)I watched TV last night, and so did she. 内容来自

　　昨晚我看了电视，她也看了。

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　　 2)I watch TV every day, and so does he.

　　我每天看电视，他也如此。

　　 3)I can swim, so I can.

　　我会游泳，真的是这样。内容来自

　　留神：表现“也不如斯”用neither / nor 内容来自

　　eg. I didn’t watch TV last night, neither did she

　　△19.指路与问路 CopyRight .com

　　问路

　　 1)Excuse me. Could you tell me …

　　 how I can get to ….

　　 how to get to …

　　 the way to …

　　 2)Excuse me. Which is the way to…

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　　指路的实用英语语法

　　1)Go down / up / along this road and…

　　 go还可更换为walk 内容来自

　　2)Go down / up / along to the end.

　　3)Go on until you reach the end.

　　4)Take the … turning on the left.

　　= Turn left at the … turning.

　　5)Go across the bridge 内容来自

　　△20. 内容来自

　　eg.1)He’s sick / ill in hospital.

　　 2)A nurse (A) must take (B) good (C) care of ill (D) men. （选错） _____________

　　△21.

　　eg.1)__________ he is a student.

　　 2)He ___________ a student.

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　　△22.

　　类似结构

　　△23.到达内容来自

　　但当后不接地点时，只能用arrive

　　eg.1)She ____ Shanghai last night.

　　A. reached to B. got C. arrived in D. arrived at CopyRight .com

　　 2)They ____ there in time at last. CopyRight .com

　　A. reached to B. arrived C. got to D. arrived at

　　1) I’ll ring you up as soon as he_____(达到).

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　　eg.1)She is _____________ girl.

　　 2)Do you feel ______ when you are _____? 内容来自

　　 3)The old man live in a house ________.

　　eg. I have (A) many (B) work to do (C)______ CopyRight .com

　　△

　　eg.1)He gave us _________ money.

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　　 2)She is ___________ young.

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　　eg.1)Please ____ your exercise book here tomorrow. 内容来自

　　2)Meimei often helps the old man _____ water.

　　eg. –-I looked for my pen___________, but I couldn’t find it ____________. CopyRight .com

　　 ---Don’t worry. Sooner or later you’ll find it _________.

　　30.to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是……

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　　类似实用英语语法构造：to one’s joy 使某人高兴的是…… CopyRight .com

　　eg. To our great surprise, she could swim in the river. 使咱们惊疑的是，他能在河里游泳。 CopyRight .com

　　31. agree with : 同意某人（或某人所说的）

　　 agree to : 同意某事 CopyRight .com

　　eg. 1)He agree ___ my plan.

　　 2)I agree ____ what you said.

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　　32.be on … team: 参加……队；是……的队员 CopyRight .com

　　eg. He is on the city basketball team.

　　他是市篮球队队员。

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　　△33.teach sb+科目（当sb是人称代词时应用宾格）

　　eg. He teaches our English(改错) __________

　　△34.the 100-metre race 100米赛跑内容来自

　　 100-metre作定语，修饰race, 注意metre用单数。类似结构：内容来自

　　①a two-thousand-word letter一封两千字的信内容来自

　　②an 18-year-old girl一位18岁的女孩内容来自

　　另外有时还可用所有格形式来表白： CopyRight .com

　　100-metre race = 100 metres&rsquo,race

　　two-month holiday = two months’ holiday CopyRight .com

　　但当前面有a/ an ; 物主代词；所有格时。则只能用复合形容词来表示：

　　eg. What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______. 内容来自

　　A. two months holidayB. Two months’ holiday

　　C. two-month holiday D. two moth’s holiday CopyRight .com

　　35.problem与question

　　 question: 指人们主观上产生而提出等待答复的问题。常与ask , answer连用内容来自

　　 problem: 指客观上存在等待解决的问题着重指“艰苦”。常与solve , work out连用内容来自

　　1) We must find out a good way to solve the ______.

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　　2) You can answer the _____ in your own words.

　　 borrow: 借进 borrow … from从…借

　　△36. lend: 借出 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb

　　把某物借给某人

　　keep: 保存；借（多久）（与时间段连用）

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　　1)Jack ____ me his bike last week. 内容来自

　　2)You can _____ the book from me, but you can ____ it for only one week.

　　△37.It’s +adj + of / for sb to do sth.

　　当形容词用于修饰人时，介词用of. 常见的此类形容词有：kind ; good ; clever ; careful ; polite ; right ; wrong. 其余情况用for.

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　　1)It’s very clever ____ you to do that.

　　2)It’s hard ____ me to work out the problem.

　　△38. more: 另外的；额外的（放在数量词之后）内容来自

　　 another: 再一（另一…）（放在数量词之前）

　　1)May I have two _____ apples?

　　2)May I borrow _______ one book?

　　used to + 动原: 从前常常做… CopyRight .com

　　△39. be used to + 动原: 被用于做…

　　 be / get used to sth : 习惯于某事 CopyRight .com

　　1)He used to be late for school. CopyRight .com

　　2)The knife is used to cut things.

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　　3)He is uesd to hard work.

　　 other: 放在被修饰词之前

　　△40. else: 放在被修饰词之后，一般修饰不定代词跟疑难词 CopyRight .com

　　1)other students别的学生

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　　2)anybody else. 其它任何人

　　 what else. 别的什么

　　△41. so + 形/副内容来自

　　 such + 形 + 名

　　但注意：内容来自

　　1) so +形+a / an + 单名= such a /an +形 +单名内容来自

　　2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名

　　3)so… that ; such … that如此…甚至… CopyRight .com

　　① It was ____ bad weather.

　　② There are ____ many poor in the country.

　　③ ____ few animals eat ____ much grass. CopyRight .com

　　④ This city is ____ old, you’d better visit it. 内容来自

　　⑤ It’s ______ important party ____ I can’t miss it.

　　 have / has been to: 曾经去过…

　　△42. have / has gone to: 已经去了…

　　have / has been in: 已在…(多久)

　　注意：1)后接地点副词here, there , home时应省介词

　　 2)与时间段连用只用have /has been in

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　　① --Where’s Tom?

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　　--He ______________ Beijing. CopyRight .com

　　② I ______ Beijing several times.

　　③ She ________ Chengdu for two years.

　　④ He __________ there twice.

　　△43.“短命”动词 “长命”动词

　　buy—have ; borrow—keep ; die—be dead ; leave—be away (from); come back—be back; fall asleep—be asleep ; open—be open ;

　　catch a cold—have a cold; go /get out—be out; CopyRight .com

　　arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点—be in +地点；join—be in +群体（或be + 成员）； CopyRight .com

　　turn on—be on; turn off—be off ; CopyRight .com

　　get a letter from—have a letter from.

　　end /finish—be over ; get up—be up ;

　　1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _________

　　2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _________

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　　3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _________ CopyRight .com

　　4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). __________

　　5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). ____________

　　6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) ___________

　　7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. ___________ CopyRight .com

　　44. except: 除…以外（不包括除去的部分）内容来自

　　besides: 除了…，还有…（包含除去的部分）

　　1) We go to school every day except Sunday. 内容来自

　　该句象征着：

　　 We go to school from Monday to Saturday.

　　2)We all went to the park besides Li Lei.

　　该句象征着：

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　　 We went to the park, and Li Lei went, too. CopyRight .com

　　 take: It take sb sometime to do sth.

　　△45. 主语

　　pay (money) for sth 是人

　　buy sth for + money CopyRight .com

　　cost: sth cost sb + money 主语是物

　　1)I _____ ten yuan on the book.

　　2)I _____ ten yuan for the book. CopyRight .com

　　3)The book _____ me ten yuan.

　　4)I _____ the book for ten yuan. CopyRight .com

　　5)It _____ me an hour to do the maths problem CopyRight .com

　　 sometime: 某时(与未来时连用) 内容来自

　　△46 sometimes: 有时（个别当初时内容来自

　　some time: 一些时候(表时间段) 内容来自

　　some times:几次

　　eg. 1)He _______ (go) to Beijing sometime next week. 内容来自

　　2)I _______ (be) to Beijing some times. CopyRight .com

　　47.be to do: 表将来的实用英语语法

　　There is to be a sports meeting next Saturday. CopyRight .com

　　△48.计量：表事物的“长、宽、高、深、远、厚”用 “long ; wide ; high / tall ; deep ; away ; thick.

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　　1)Mr Green is nearly two metres ________

　　2)The ice is about one metre _________. 内容来自

　　3)Our classroom is about twelve metres ______and eight metres __________.

　　△49.population：不可数名词。指人口的多少用“large / big或small”；询问人口的多少用what. CopyRight .com

　　1)What’s the population of Germany? 内容来自

　　德国的人口是多少？

　　2)China has a large population.中国人口众多

　　3)The population (A) of (B) Japan is less (C) than that (D) of India. ____________

　　另外注意：

　　表示“有…人口”用have a population of .

　　Now China has a population of more than one billion. 当初中国有十亿多人口。 CopyRight .com

　　内容来自

　　eg. make room for: 为…腾出空间 CopyRight .com

　　51.seem的用法： CopyRight .com

　　1)seem + adj = seem to be + adj CopyRight .com

　　He seems very angry = He seems to be angry.

　　2)seem to do

　　It seems to rain tomorrow.明天将来似乎要下雨。

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　　3)It seems + that从句

　　It seems that you are right.你好像是对的。

　　1)He talked as if he knew all about it. 内容来自

　　他谈话的口气好象已经全知道了此事。 CopyRight .com

　　2)He opened his mouth as if to say something.

　　他开口好像要说什么。内容来自

　　1)We ____ them 5 to 3.

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　　2)In the end we _____ the match.

　　interested;excited;surprised主语是人。指某

　　△53.人对…感兴趣/感到愉快/感到惊奇（只作表语） CopyRight .com

　　interesting;excited;surprising主语是物。指

　　某物有趣/令人兴奋/使人惊奇（可作定、表语）

　　1)It’s an ________football game. CopyRight .com

　　2)I’m ________ in music.

　　 1)作情态动词，用于否、疑句

　　△54.need 2)作实义动词 need to do(表自动)

　　need doing(表被动)

　　1)You needn’t go home now.

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　　2)The bike needs mending.

　　3)I need to go home now. CopyRight .com

　　△55. alive: 活着的；在世的（常作后置定语）

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　　 living: 活着的；没去世的（常作前置定语）内容来自

　　1)Both plants and animals are _______ thing. CopyRight .com

　　2)No one ______ will believe it.

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　　△56.否定前移的动词：think , believe , expect , suppose.

　　1)I didn’t expect their team would win.

　　我渴望他们的对不会赢。

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　　2)I don’t think he will come tomorrow.

　　我认为来日他不会来。

　　 look at: （有意识地）看…

　　△57. see: （look at之后的结果）看见

　　read: 看（书、报等）

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　　watch: 看（电视、比赛等）内容来自

　　另外留心：1)see a film看片子

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　　2)see a doctor看医生

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　　1)I often ______ newspaper after suppe.

　　2)He _____ the picture, and ____ some trees in it. CopyRight .com

　　△58. listen to :（有意识地）听…

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　　hear: （listen to之后的成果）听见内容来自

　　He was very sorry to ________ the bad news.

　　 look for:（强调“找”的动作）寻找 CopyRight .com

　　△59. find: （look for之后的结果）找到

　　 find out: (经过努力、周折)查出，找出（原形等） CopyRight .com

　　They are ___________ their lost horse. CopyRight .com

　　A. finding B. looking for C. finding out

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　　△60. hope: (可能实现的)愿望

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　　 wish: (难以实现的)欲望

　　另外注意：1)wish to do sth = hope to do sth

　　 2)wish sb to do sth ( )

　　 hope sb to do sth( ╳ ) 内容来自

　　( )I _____ you to come to school earlier next time. A. wish B. hope C. wants CopyRight .com

　　 ①enough：放在形、副之后. good enough

　　△61. ②修饰不定代词(something, anything, nothing)的词应后置。

　　③else润饰不定代词跟疑难词应后置）内容来自

　　1)I have something important to tell you.

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　　2)He didn’t run fast enough to catch up with Tom.

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　　had better +动原否定had better not +动原

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　　△ 62 实用英语语法 Will / Would you please +动原？

　　Will / Would you please not + 动原？

　　Will you please not talk in class?

　　△63. What’s the weather like …? …的景象

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　　= How’s the weather … ? 怎么样？

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　　△64. find +宾 +形：认为…怎么样

　　find it +形 +to do: 觉得做…怎么样

　　相似用法还有make , think等

内容来自

　　1)I find the question ___________(容易). CopyRight .com

　　2)I think it important to learn Englis.

　　△65. a number of +复名：良多，一些(作主为复)

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　　the number of: …的数目/号码(作主为三单)

　　The number of the students in our class is 50.

　　 too: 句末用于肯定句

　　△66. also: 句中 “也”

　　either: 否定句末“也不” CopyRight .com

　　1)I don’t like reading, she doesn’t , ______.

　　2)Tom is fourteen. Jim is _____fourteen.

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　　△67. already , just : 肯助后

　　yet: 否、疑末内容来自

　　1)I have already had lunch.

　　2)I haven’t had lunch yet. CopyRight .com

　　68. live: (长时间的)居住内容来自

　　 stay: (短时间的)居住

　　eg. He lives in Changsha, but he’s going to stay in Shanghai for a few days. C

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