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九年级英语中考复习:介词用法口诀

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:24:34

  同类相比 except,加 for 异类记心间九年级英语中考复习

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      He's composition is good, except for some spelling mistakes.

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      他的这篇作文写得很好,只是有多少处拼写错误。(非同类比拟用 except for)

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      She was all alone in the world except for an old aunt. 除了有一个老姑妈,她别无亲人。

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      Anna felt disappointed when she found out they had gone swimming without her. (without = except) 当安娜发现除她外,他们都去游泳了,她觉得很失望。 CopyRight .com

      Lion Head Hill is not worth seeing except for its old temples. CopyRight .com

      除了那些古寺以外,狮头山没什么可看的。

      Among other things, we are interested in drawing.

      我们对图画和别的一些东西很感兴趣。(among 之内即包含在内) 内容来自

  

 

 

  原状 because of, owing to, due to 表语形容词

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  例:Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of schedule.

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      因为我们的奇特努力,任务提前实现了。

 

 

  九年级英语中考复习注:Owing to 和 because of 都做原因状语,而 due to 只能做表语形容词。所以此句。owing to 的介词短语做原因状语。

 

 

      AII our achievements are due to the correct leadership of our Party.

 

 

      我们的所有成就都归功于党。(due to 做表语形容词)

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  Under 后接修、建中,of,from 物化分 内容来自

  例:The road is under repair now.这条路正在建造中。

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      The now railway is still under construction. 新铁路尚在修筑中。(不能用 in)

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      under discussion 在探讨中(不能用 in) under considerate 在考虑中(不能用 in) CopyRight .com

      The desk is made of wood. 桌子是木头做的。(物理变化用 of)

 

 

      The wine is made from grape. 这种酒是用葡萄酿造的。(化学变化用 from)

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      The bridge is made of steel. 这座桥是钢制的。(物理变革)

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      Steel is made from iron. 钢是由铁炼成的。(化学变化)

 

 

  

  before, after 表一点,ago, later 表示一段

  即  before, after 常表示一个点的时间状语,而 ago,later 常表示一段的时间状语。

  例如:前天 the day before yesterday; 前年 the year before last; 大上礼拜 the week before last 等等都表现点状语的。

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      要想准确无误地应用好 before 和 ago, after 和 later 比较艰难,但要是以“点”和“段”来差异就容易得多。 内容来自

  例:晚饭前 before supper 内容来自

      解放前 before liberation

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      1970 年前 before 1970

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      文革前 before cultural revolution 内容来自

      国庆前 before National Day

      入大学前 before coming to college 内容来自

  这些都是“点”状语,因为1970年前即1970年1月1日前。国庆节即10月1日前。

 

 

  ago 表示一段时间。

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  九年级英语中考复习例:一分钟前 a minute ago CopyRight .com

      半小时前 half an hour ago

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      两天前 two days ago

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      一星期前 a week ago

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      五年前 five years ago

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      由于 a minute, half an hour, two days, a week, five years 等都表示一段时间,所以用 ago。以及 ten days later 等皆如此。

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  before 可接完成时,ago 从前级有限

      这时的 before 是连词(也可做介词)

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  例:We had scarcely left our school before it began to rain.

 

 

      我们刚离开学校,天就下雨了。(实现时)

      I had studied French for four months before I came here. 内容来自

      我来这儿以前就已学了四个月法语了。(before 接完成时) CopyRight .com

      He fell ill three days ago. CopyRight .com

      他病了三天了。(ago 则只能接动词从前式,同时留心刹那动词的问题。)

 

 

      He left two months ago. 两个月前他离开了。(同上)

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      I met her a few minutes ago. 我在多少分钟前碰到他了。(同上) 内容来自

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  Since 以来 during 间,since 时态多变换 内容来自

      与之比拟 beside, 除了 last but one。

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  即 beside 的一般用法是“在……旁边”, 但还有“和……相比”等特殊用法。

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  例:I felt so weak in spoken English beside them. 和他们比较,我感到我的书面语太差。

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      Beside work and study, all else was trivial. 同工作跟学习比起来,其余所有都是小事。

      除了 last but one,即 but 多指“除了”的意思,也有“倒数第几”的意思。last but one 即不是最后一个。 内容来自

  例:I haven't told anybody but one. 除了我爱人,我谁也没告诉。(除了)

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      Who but a fool would study foreign language well if he is a hard working one.

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      如果他勤奋好学的话,除了傻瓜谁都能学好外语。(除了) CopyRight .com

      Look at the last page but one. 请看倒数第2页。 内容来自

      He was the last but three in maths examination this time. 他这次数学考试成绩倒数第四。

      They live in the next house but one. 他们住在隔壁过去一家。

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  复不定 for、找,价,原,对,给,段,去,为,作,赞

 

 

      复不定 for,即用 for 引出的不定式复合构造,也就是 for 加名(代)加不定式;找,意为找到,供应; 价,意为价格、工资;原,意为原因;段,意为时光或间隔; 去,意为去某地或开往某地;作,意为作为; 赞,意为批准(用于系表结构。的九年级英语中考复习

 

 

  例:It is high time for us to start. 咱们不该再迟延了。

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      The most urgent thing is for us to get the preparation done.

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      最主要的事件是我们要把准备工作做好。 CopyRight .com

      I don't think it advisable for him to study medicine. 我想她学医分歧适。 内容来自

      Your parents and relatives are anxious for you to go to college. 内容来自

      你的父母和亲戚渴望你上大学。

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      My home town has changed too much for me to recognize.

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      我的家乡变更太大,简直认不出来了。

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      以上例句都是 for 在不定式复合结构中的用法。

 

 

      Someone is asking for you on the telephone. 有人找你接电话。(找) CopyRight .com

      You'd better write to me for more information about it.

      如需更多这方面的资科和信息,你最好给我写信。(提问,索要)

 

 

      They worked in the company for 200 yuan a month. 他们在这个公司干活,每月嫌200元。(价格)

      How much did you pay for the second-hand colour TV? 这台用过的彩电你花了多少钱?(价钱) 内容来自

      Thank you very much for your coming. 谢谢你的光顾。(原因)

 

 

      Thank you for your warm hospitality. 谢谢你的热情接待。(起因)

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      Forgive me for being tardy. 请体谅我迟到了。(起因)

      I'm much obliged to you for telling me. 非常感谢你给我谈了这个情况。(原因) CopyRight .com

      We have boundless admiration for your struggle. 对你们的斗争我们无限钦佩。(对)

 

 

      Listening comprehension materials are good for training our minds. CopyRight .com

      听力材料对训练我们的脑筋根有利益。(对)

      Take the bitter medicine. It's good for you. 吃下这药吧,对你有好处。(对) CopyRight .com

      There is a telegram for Mr. Wang. 这有一份王先生的电报。(给)

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      May I use it for a minute? 我用一会儿好吗?(一段时间)

      I followed the stealer for some distance. 我跟踪那个小偷一段路。(一段距离)

      The ship was for Dalian. 这破船开往大连。(去某地) 内容来自

      We are off for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天将来我们去上海。(去某地)

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      The medicine is for reducing your temperature. 这药是退烧的。(为……目标)

 

 

      After breakfast, I'll go for a stroll round the town. CopyRight .com

      吃完饭我要在城里到处走走。(为……目的) 内容来自

      I'll keep the lighter given by a foreign friend for a souvenir. 内容来自

      我要把外宾送给我的打火机作为纪念。(作为)

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      It is only meant for a joke. 这只是当笑话说说罢了。(作为) 内容来自

      We are all for cutting down the cost of production. 我们都同意降落生产成本。(赞同)

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  快到、对、向 towards,工、学、军、城、上、北、南

 

 

  例:It's getting on towards the end of term now. 当初已快到学期未了。(快到) 内容来自

      Towards midnight my husband came back. 快到深夜了我的丈夫才回来。(快到)

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      Our teacher was very lenient towards us. 我们的老师对我们很松。(对)

 

 

      What you have invented is really a big contribution towards our company. 内容来自

      你所发明的对我们公司确实是一大贡献。(对)

      The boy came running towards his mother. 那个男孩向他母亲跑去。(向着)

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      所谓工、学、军、城、上、北、南,是说 up 和 down 的用法。这也是汉英翻译时要注意的。例如:招工,上大学,参军,进城,

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      上山,向北方等都属于 up。而相反的下乡,向南,落榜等都属于 down。“大军南下,北上抗日”大略由此而来。

 

 

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  but for 否定用虚构,复合介词待后言。

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  but for 是“若不是”的意思。 CopyRight .com

  例:But for our great Communist Party, we could never have today's happiness.

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      若不宏大的共产党,我们决不会有今天的幸福生活。

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      But for this chemical the vapour inside the system would not have been absorbed so completely. 若不这个化学剂的作用,系统内的蒸汽不可能被接受得这么彻底。 CopyRight .com

      but for 将在虚构语气中详讲。

      以上讲到了某些常用介词 in 用法,但远远不够,就拿做插入语的介词短语来说就不可计数。以下固定搭配不可随意修正:

  例:in general 个别说来 CopyRight .com

      in short 简言之 内容来自

      in other words 换言之 CopyRight .com

      in my opinion 依我看

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      in simple words 简言之 内容来自

      on the whole 基本上 内容来自

      for instance 例如 内容来自

      for short 简称

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      after all 毕竟

 

 

      above all 首先

      此外测验中常浮现的成语前置词也须牢记其用法。

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      by appearance 从名义 CopyRight .com

      by the aid of 借……的帮助

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      by far ……得多

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      by course of ……照……常例

      by reason of 因为

      by request 应邀 CopyRight .com

      by right of 由于凭借

      out of date 过时 内容来自

      out of harmony with 与……不一致

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      out of harmony with 摆脱困境

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      out of bounds 超出权限 CopyRight .com

      out of proportion to 与……不相称

      out of reach 力量不迭

      out of one's wits 不知所措

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      out of question 没问题

      out of the question 不可能的

      to a great extent 很大程度上

      to one's taste 合……胃口

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      to one's thinking 据……看来

 

 

      to one's heart's content 尽情地

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      to the utmost 尽力

      behind schedule 不准时

 

 

      behind the times 过期的

 

 

      behind the curtain 在幕后

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      within reach 才干所及

 

 

      within a hair's breadth 差—点

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      within a stone's throw of 在附近

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      beyond description 无奈形容 内容来自

      beyond reason 毫无情理 内容来自

      beyond reproach 无可斥责 CopyRight .com

      beyond one's expectation 超越……领域 CopyRight .com

      beyond expression 无奈表白 内容来自

  

  ing 型由于、鉴,除了,除外与包含。

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  之后,关于,在……方面,有关介词须记全。 内容来自

      最后,英语中 v.-ing 分词转化而成的特别介词,更须留神,根据其语法功能,把它们同当初分词,动名词跟连同区分开来。即:

 

 

      respecting 由于, 鉴于; considering 因为, 鉴于; excepting 除了; concerning 对于; excepting for 除外; excluding 除外; without excepting sb. 包括; including 包括,包含; following 在……之后; regarding 关于; respecting 在……方面; concerning 有关;

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  九年级英语中考复习例:considering 由于;

 

 

      Considering that table salt is the commonest source of sodium in food, the diet usually calls for eating salt-free foods. 由于食盐是钠在食物中普遍的来源,医生给病人规定的,饮食通常恳求吃无盐食品。 内容来自

      respecting 鉴于: CopyRight .com

      Respecting the heavy rain, we had to put off the match. 内容来自

      鉴于下大雨,咱们不得不推迟了这场比赛。

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      excepting 除了:

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      excepting 可单独利用,能够与 always 或否认词 not 连用,也可能与 for, without 之类介词连用。

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      Excepting one of his close friends, they were present at the party.

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      除了他的一个挚友外,他们都来赴宴了。

 

 

      He is an honest man, excepting for his quick temper.

      他是个老实人,只是(“除了” 性情火暴。(同类比较 except,加 for 异类记心间)。

      Everybody is in high spirits, always excepting him. 大家都感情高昂,唯他“除外”(例外)。

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      Only a few survivors without excepting him were living in the settlement.

      包括他在内,只有几个幸存者住在新拓居地。 CopyRight .com

      including 包括: CopyRight .com

      The new apartment consists of three rooms including the kitchen. 内容来自

      这套公寓有三间,包含厨房。

      following 在……之后: 相称于 after

 

 

      The week following his first visit to the newsroom he was appointed editor of the important column. 在拜访该报社编辑部的“第二个”星期,他放任命为该报重要专栏的主笔。 CopyRight .com

      regarding 关于:相当于 about

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      Regarding research investment and number of researchers engaged in this field of research, the U.S.A. commands an overwhelming position followed by Japan. “对”投入该范围研究的投资额和研讨人员的数量,美国占压倒优势,其次是日本。

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      respecting 在……方面: CopyRight .com

      Respecting education, health, medical care as well as production and labor technological development will have to be evaluated with due thought given to social systems and humanism. “在”教诲、卫生、出产劳动“方面”, 评估技能的发展需依据社会制度和人道主义。

 

 

      concerning 有关: 内容来自

      The following are some of the arguments both pros and cons concerning computers, thinking, and artificial CopyRight .com

      intelligence. 下面是“有关”打算机、思维和人工智能方面持赞成和反对峙场的一些论据。

 

 

      当然,这些 ing 型的介词,在句子中也有分词、动名词和连词的语法功效。excluding 和 including,表示打消与包含。

      Last year British sales to the region were more than $8 billion, while French exports, excluding arms brought in around $3 billion. 去年,英国对这个地区的销售额达80多亿美元,而法国的出口额(武器除外)约为30亿美元。

 

 

      Stress may deplete vitamin C in your body, as can smoking, drinking and a variety of drugs, not excepting aspirin. 生涯弛缓会耗尽你体内的维生素C,正如吸烟、饮酒、服用某些药物(包括阿斯匹林)一样。

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