学习空间

线话语法讲堂：虚拟语气（1）

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:43:39

　　虚拟语气

　　虚构语气是一种特殊的动词情势，表现所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，欲望，倡导，猜疑，料想或不大可能实现的空想。内容来自

　　I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

　　虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。内容来自

　　1．与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 CopyRight .com

　　形成 CopyRight .com

　　条件状语从句主句

　　 If +主语 +动词从前式主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词内容来自

　　 (be的过去式用were)

　　例如： CopyRight .com

　　If I feared death, I wouldn’t be a communist. （刘胡兰）怕去世就不做共产党员。

　　If there were no air, we couldn’t live. 如果不空气，我们就不能生活。 CopyRight .com

　　Example:

　　I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.

　　A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know

　　I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.

　　A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain

　　2．与过去事实相反的虚构条件句内容来自

　　构成

　　条件状语从句主句

内容来自

　　 If + 主语 + 动词从前实现式主语 + would, should, could, might +

　　 have + 过去分词

　　内容来自

　　例如：

　　If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.

内容来自

　　如果你早来多少分钟，你就会碰上他。

　　If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate. 内容来自

　　如果试管中不空气，实验结果就会更正确。 CopyRight .com

　　Example: 内容来自

　　If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.

内容来自

　　A. you would meet John already B. you won’t have missed John

　　C. you will have met John D. you would have met John CopyRight .com

　　3．与未来事实相反的虚拟条件句 CopyRight .com

　　构成

　　前提状语从句主句

　　内容来自

　　If + 主语+ should +原形动词主语 + would, should, could, might

内容来自

　　或were + 不定式 + 本相动词内容来自

　　例如：

内容来自

　　If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.如果他来日会来，事件就容易办了。

　　If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.

内容来自

　　如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。内容来自

　　注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时能够省略。如：

　　If he make the design, he might do it in some other way. CopyRight .com

　　要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。

　　Example:

　　If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island.

　　A. will B. is C. was D. were 内容来自

　　If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

　　A. are B. will be going C. must D. were

　　We might still catch the train if we ___. CopyRight .com

　　A. make hurry B. haste C. make haste D. hastily

内容来自

　　4．错综时光的虚拟语气

内容来自

　　在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：

内容来自

　　If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。内容来自

　　（从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与当初或将来事实相反）

　　If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。 CopyRight .com

　　（从句与当初事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）

　　Example: CopyRight .com

　　If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy.

　　A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch CopyRight .com

　　C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched

　　5．省略连词if

　　在条件状语从句中，假如有were, should, had，可能把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意思。例如：

　　Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天将来下雨，你怎么办？

　　Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。

　　Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.

内容来自

　　如果咱们过去晓得这种新措施，我们早就应用了。

　　Example:

内容来自

　　Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.

内容来自

　　A. had not failed B. would not fail

内容来自

　　C. could not be failed D. would not have failed

　　_______ today, he would get there by Friday. CopyRight .com

　　A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving

　　C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves

内容来自

　　______ difficulties, we would be successful.

　　A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome 内容来自

　　C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome 内容来自

　　6. 虚拟结构中省略主句或从句内容来自

　　虚拟构造中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意思的完整。内容来自

　　(1)省去条件从句 CopyRight .com

　　That would be fine. 那太好了。（省去了if you would come 或类似条件）内容来自

　　I wouldn’t pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。内容来自

　　We might have produced more coal. 咱们可能生产出更多煤炭。

　　注：省略条件句，在试题中很少见到。内容来自

　　(2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去实现时。 CopyRight .com

　　If only she were here. 如果她在这儿该多好啊！内容来自

　　If only he lived! 如果他活着该多好啊！

　　If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。

　　Example:

　　If only it _____! but it is too late.

　　A. is avoided B. has avoided C. could be avoided D. can be avoided

　　If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life! 内容来自

　　A. is working B. worked C. works D. has worked

线话英语：www.linewow.com

由英语口语教材提供线话英语：www.linewow.com

学习空间

线话语法讲堂：虚拟语气（1）

每日新闻

每日一歌

友情链接